Compared across different time intervals, previously infected people had immune responses 10 to 20 times that observed in uninfected people. They generated high levels of antibodies within just a few days of getting the vaccine. They found that those who’d never been infected by SARS-CoV-2 developed antibodies at low levels within 9 to 12 days of receiving their first dose of vaccine.īut in 41 people who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies prior to getting the first shot, the immune response looked strikingly different. What did the antibodies show? To find out, the researchers enlisted the help of 109 people who’d received their first dose of mRNA vaccines made by either Pfizer or Moderna. In fact, there was some anecdotal evidence suggesting that previously infected people were experiencing stronger evidence of an active immune response (sore arm, fever, chills, fatigue) than never-infected individuals after getting their first shots. The researchers reasoned that for folks whose bodies have already produced antibodies following a COVID-19 infection, the first shot might act similarly to the second one in someone who hadn’t had the virus before. These findings come from a research team led by Florian Krammer and Viviana Simon, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York. While much more research is needed-and I am definitely not suggesting a change in the current recommendations right now-the results raise the possibility that one dose might be enough for someone who’s been infected with SARS-CoV-2 and already generated antibodies against the virus.
The findings show that immune response to the first vaccine dose in a person who’s already had COVID-19 is equal to, or in some cases better, than the response to the second dose in a person who hasn’t had COVID-19.
But, because they already have some natural immunity, would just one shot do the trick? Or do they still need two?Ī small, NIH-supported study, published as a pre-print on medRxiv, offers some early data on this important question. People who’ve recovered from COVID-19 also should definitely get vaccinated to maximize protection against possible re-infection. The second dose, administered a few weeks later, boosts antibody levels to afford even better protection. The first dose of these mRNA vaccines trains the immune system to recognize and attack the spike protein on the surface of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. Francis Collins Credit: iStock/Bill Oxfordįor the millions of Americans now eligible to receive the Pfizer or Moderna COVID-19 vaccines, it’s recommended that everyone get two shots. Is One Vaccine Dose Enough After COVID-19 Infection?
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